Mutex, which is short for Mutual Exclusion, does what’s it name indicates. It prevents several tasks from accessing a resource mutually.
binary
FreeRTOS TUTORIAL #4 -> Using Counting Semaphore
Counting semaphore can be used to control the access to the resource. To obtain control of a resource, a task must first obtain a semaphore.
FreeRTOS Tutorial #3 -> How to use Binary Semaphore
A Binary Semaphore is called Binary because either it is there (‘1’) or it is not (‘0’). There is no third condition in it. So, a Task either have it or not