Description
The term PIR is the short for the Passive Infra Red. The term “passive” indicates that the sensor does not actively take part in the process, it does not emit the IR signals itself, rather passively detects the infrared radiations coming from the human body in the surrounding area.
In this tutorial we are going to interface PIR sensor with STM32. I am using STM32F446RE and the procedure will remain same for other STM32 devices also.
PIR sensors have adjustable settings for the timing and sensitivity. You can see that in the picture below.
We can adjust delay time to Set how long the output remains high after detecting motion…. Anywhere from 5 seconds to 5 minutes. Similarly sensitivity adjusts the range from 3 to 7 meters.
Retrigger setting jumper is to set for single or repeatable jumpers.
HOW TO
The working of PIR sensor is pretty simple and straight forward. Whenever the sensor detects any motion, it pulls the out (DATA) pin HIGH and after some delay the pin goes back to LOW. So all we need to do is set the pin as input and than read it for the changes.
I am using a LED as output, so whenever the PIR sensor read some activity, the LED will glow.
So let’s start by firing up our CubeMx and set the PIN A1 as input pin
Clock is configured to run the controller at its maximum frequency (i.e. 180 MHz)
Some Insight into the Code
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while (1) { if (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_1)) // if the pin is HIGH { HAL_GPIO_WritePin (GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_2, 1); // turn on LED HAL_Delay (1000); HAL_GPIO_WritePin (GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_2, 0); // LED OFF while (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_1)); //wait for pin to go low } } |
CODE
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#include "main.h" #include "stm32f4xx_hal.h" /* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */ /* USER CODE END Includes */ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ TIM_HandleTypeDef htim2; /* USER CODE BEGIN PV */ /* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /* USER CODE END PV */ /* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/ void SystemClock_Config(void); static void MX_GPIO_Init(void); static void MX_TIM2_Init(void); void HAL_TIM_MspPostInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim); int main(void) { /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */ /* USER CODE END 1 */ /* MCU Configuration----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */ HAL_Init(); /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */ /* USER CODE END Init */ /* Configure the system clock */ SystemClock_Config(); /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */ /* USER CODE END SysInit */ /* Initialize all configured peripherals */ MX_GPIO_Init(); MX_TIM2_Init(); /* Infinite loop */ /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */ while (1) { if (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_1)) // if the pin is HIGH { HAL_GPIO_WritePin (GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_2, 1); // turn on LED HAL_Delay (1000); HAL_GPIO_WritePin (GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_2, 0); // LED OFF while (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_1)); //wait for pin to go low } } /* USER CODE END 3 */ } |
Result
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